1.

Dr. Sueo MACHI

(Global status of industrial Application of Radiation Procesing

Sueo Machi (FNCA Coord – JAPAN))

• Radiation processing research has to base on public demand and the result must be applicable for industrial improvement;
• The output of radiation processing research are energy material saving for industry; environmental friendly; applicable for health practices
• There are many products as the result of cross-linked polymerization using radiation that already widely used in industry and health (as medical products);
• Radiation technology should always be developed for more reliable and less expensive products.

2.

Dr. Masao TAMADA

(Recent promising research outcome on radiation processing in Japan)

• Not only public demand based, radiation processing research has to be driven by transfer technology;
• Radiation processing is a convenient tool due to: applicable in room temperature; applicable and cheap industrial cost; so then it has to be an initiation in inviting private investors and provoke them in utilizing radiation process;
• Researcher must also work under the base needs of private sectors, where private company knows how to use this technology.

3.

Dr. Taswanda TARYO

(Application of radiation produced oligo-chitosan as plant growth promoter in Indonesia by field test)

• Radiation processing result that based on public demand and potentially capable to improved agriculture productivity is the oligo-chitosan as plant promoter (fertilizer);
• Radiation technology must be accepted by the public, however, Indonesian government first issue is to provide more energy for electricity plan, and therefore,
• For agricultural sector, government Invite private company to put investment in radiation processing for agriculture productivity improvement;
• Other outcome for this radiation process is reduced toxicity in food by sterilization process;
• Issue of Certification of irradiated food is still on-going at the level of Health Department and Food and Drugs Surveillance Agency).

4.1

Mr. Thomas DARMAWAN

(Possibly EBM Tevhnology in Industry / hope and usefulness)

• There are increased in utilizing EBM technology in industry due to global competitiveness and standardization demand of quality to be exported, particularly in safe and healthy food industry;
• More information on food industry using EBM is required, as so far the radiation processing used is the irradiation 60Co, particularly the exposure;
• Products of radiation processing using EBM are still depend on consumers acceptance;
• Where there is a high consumers acceptance, it becomes a trigger for private sector to invest radiation or EBM processing;
• Promotion of radiation and/or EBM processing products is still required;
• Radiation and/or EBM processing in food industry may increased export on food packed;
• It is hope that EBM investment for industry less than the Gamma ⁶⁰Co facility.

4.2

Dr. Widi SETIAWAN

(EBM for Latex Prevulcanization)

• Vulcanization of rubber processing can be done using conventional (chemical) or EBM technique, where EBM is harmless, removes allergen protein, and environmentally safe;
• The EBM available in BATAN is obsolesce (aging) and requires heavy maintenance, where parts needs modification to suppress operational cost;
• Rubber plant industry is quite large in Indonesia and has a potential to increase economic stability, particularly at the level of rubber plant farmers;
• Result study on the development of EBM in BATAN leads to possibility of EBM manufacture;
• There are still weaknesses of EBM manufacture in BATAN, such as electron gun defective and continuous beaming electron;
• Improvement has already been made through on-going collaboration with Japanese Seiki Co.

4.3

Mr. Andry ANDRYAN

(EBM experiences in Tyre industry (Bridgestone Tyre Industry))

• EBM improves tire manufacturing;
• The process of tire production using EBM found obstacles to maintain the EBM;
• High cost and time length in importing EBM’s parts are the major constraints;
• It is expected those major problems can be overcome through this workshop.

5.

Dr. Khairul HJ Mohd DAHLAN

(IAEA Activities of radiation Processing Application)

• IAEA provide many opportunities among MS countries to develop within MS country industry using radiation processing and EBM;
• To promote MS country develop industry using radiation techniques, IAEA provide aids through Research Project, Coordinated Research Prorgramme, and Regional Project (like FNCA);
• The IAEA coordinated project benefits the MS through research development, expert services, training, regional and international meeting, and world scientific networking, which an advantageous for researcher form every MS.

Dr. Hudi HASTOWO

(Additional comments as Head of the National Nuclear Energy Agency; NNEA – BATAN)

• Application of EBM processing in Indonesia has already been conducted for 15 years, particularly in the processing of coating wooden floor (ie. Parakeet type tile) to fulfilled demand such us interior designed mosque. 
• Development and utilization of EBM has been freeze after the government policy changed to put more priority on saving electricity as it is becoming a shortage;
• Flue gas treatment EBM type has been design and developed in Indonesia, but then terminated since there is no demand;
• Utilization of radiation process using gamma ⁶⁰Co is also been developed and this leads to several private company to invest on this ⁶⁰Co Irradiator;
• EBM and Gamma Irradiator are potential tool to support industrial development in Indonesia, and cooperation with private company (as end user) is required.  For this, detail economic evaluation is compulsory required.

Dr. Sueo MACHI

• IAEA is keen to develop EBM technology for flue gas treatment. An example on the application of this technology, under the IAEA aids, can be found the Saudi Arabia Oil Company, which is an on-going project for almost 2 years;
• There is possibility for Indonesia to propose for an IAEA’s Irradiator facility from IAEA built in Indonesia;
• Surface coating using low energy EB, so then it must be cheap and environmentally clean.  Also, the benefit for having surface coating using EBM result in scratch resistant for the tile and smoother surface.  As the impact it will attract more customers.

Prof Iswandi (Bogor Agriculture University), addressed to Taswanda TARYO:

• How much the capability and cost of Irradiator facility in BATAN to process the “carrier” of bio-fertilizer?
• Would it be possible if BATAN facilitate research on the slow release of bio-fertilizer?
• How safe is actually the irradiator in processing food?

Mr. Darma

(Kujang Fertilizer Industry):

Adressed to Dr Taswanda TARYO:

Is oligochitosan has been tested to paddy rice plant?

Thomas DARMAWAN:

The issue of irradiated food safetyness is most likely depends on consumers/public acceptance.  This is due to the impression of nuclear technique is almost always analogue to the nuclear explosive.

Dr. Taswanda TARYO:

• Irradiator facility in BATAN is capable in processing the carrier for bio-fertilizer.  The on-going collaboration with cosmetic private company, that routinely provide irradiated services for its products, indicate that the capability and reliable cost of this irradiation services from BATAN;
• Other irradiator facility is also available in Tangerang (approx 60 km from Jakarta) runs by private company;
• With regard to irradiated food, the proposal for irradiated food license has been submitted to Health Department and Drugs and Food Surveillance Agency, which will be issued in no time.  To build public acceptance on this irradiated food, dissemination of this technology is on-going through media and workshops.  As consequences of this, irradiated food sticker must be put on each food pack.
• However, oligochitosan has not yet been test on paddy raice plant.  This can become a consideration topic for BATAN’s research.

Dr. Suoe MACHI (additional comments):

• There is a wide defected-soil area in Japan, which have been treated using chemical and therefore, bio-fertilizer must be used for soil recovery.  However, it is compulsory to have a good quality control for bio-fertilizer, so then good bio-fertilizer may be achieved.
• Due to small amount of “carrier” required for bio-fertilizer, capability of irradiator will not be the matter of problem.
• Issues of Food safety has been confirmed by International agency such as IAEA, WHO, and FAO for many years;
• More propaganda on the safety of irradiated food probably still be improved to let people understand more of this food.

Dr. Widi SETIAWAN (additional comments):

• Even irradiator facility available in BATAN, since it is a research Institution, not commercially, BATAN promote collaboration with private sectors to provide irradiation services. 

Dr Zubaidah IRAWATI (BATAN):

• There are 2 on-going projects with IAEA using EBM, China and Thailand, to use irradiator for food.

ANONIM

(Lion Group Food and Beverages Company):

Would irradiated food from Indonesia be accepted by other countries?

Thomas DARMAWAN:

• Request a list of the 57 countries that accept irradiation process food to import into country;
• To reach country-acceptance, collaboration (government – private sector and international agency) in convincing the safety of irradiated food is required.

Dr. Suoe MACHI:

• 57 countries accept irradiated food, incl Germany (spices), USA (meat) import from Phillipines;
• Japan, on this matter, is the only country conservatively accept these products;
• International Agency can convince for this acceptance of one country.

Dr. Khairul HJ Mohd DAHLAN:

Irradiation system has auditing procedure, and therefore, irradiated products from a certified inspected and audited irradiation facility services will be accepted around the world.

Dr. Zainal ABIDIN

Conclusion Remakrs:

• Irradiation process research-products will benefits industrial, which can be used to improve its product;
• EBM and radiation technology has already been use and public acceptance of these may still be improved so then processing products will be accepted by other countries;
• Research base on economic analysis for EBM and Radiation process technology must be develop and evaluate;
• BATAN needs to continue ensuring the acceptance of the technology and expand the research (e.g. no radical effect of this radiation)
• BAPPETEN as regulator institution is invited to address inputs for commercial irradiator design by BATAN for industrial development.

Dr Hudi HASTOWO (additional remarks):

• It is considered as a new research subject to develop bio-fertilizing application with slow release fertilizer base on chitosan.  This may be done in collaboration with other institutions such as University.
• BATAN is not a commercial institution, as long as research activities based on public demand, then most of the technologies result from this activity have to be disseminated, and therefore, commercial sectors are informed to adopt the technology.